In order to achieve a balanced diet, it must contain carbohydrates, protein, fats, vitamins, mineral salt and fiber. All of these are needed in the right amount or proportion.
Carbohydrates are considered the most important source of energy. This could be obtained in the form of starch which can be found in potatoes, rice, spaghetti, yams, breads and cereals. The digestive system converts the starch into glucose which are being carried into the blood being used by our tissues as a source of energy.
Proteins will be required for growth and repair of tissues. It could also be used as a source of energy. When there is a removal of excess amino acid from the body, nitrogen will be excreted in the chemical form of urea. Urea is made by the liver and the kidney places the urea into the urine.
Fats are used as a source of energy and can be stored under the skin to help insulate the body against the cold. This source must not be omitted in the diet because it contains fat soluble vitamins.
Vitamins are required in minimal amounts.
Fiber helps in proper elimination of waste and at the same time, adds bulk in the diet.
Mineral salts are also needed in small amounts such as iron, calcium, sodium and iodine.
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